Basics of the method
With using echocardiography have to comply with the balance between penetrating power and Allow Niemi image . Low-frequency sensors have good penetrating power , but relatively low resolution . High-frequency sensors of incense low penetrating ability , but the best resolution .
Anatomically average third of the esophagus occupies a strategically advantageous position backward from the heart and Anterior to the descending aorta . This provision byallows you to explore the heart and adjacent mediastinal structures with using a high-frequency transmitter , arranged at esophagus . This technique is called transesophageal echocardiography .
Performance technique
Miniature ultrasonic sensor , Mount the vanny at endoscope , similar with gastroscopy , administered at esophagus on different depths for heart studies and adjacent structures . Maneuvering the sensor and angle scan , you can get different images of the heart sections . Transesophageal echocardiography has as benefits , so and disadvantages .
Benefits
The transesophageal echocardiography is helpful. at situations , when which transthoracic echocardiography uninformative due to obesity , deformation of the rib cage oremphysema lung . Transesophageal echocardiography allows you to get more information at connections with more high resolution and image quality .
High quality is provided by the lack of interac -interaction of the ultrasonic beam with rib cage and lung tissue and short distance to the heart , which makes it possible to use a high-frequency sensor with best spatial resolution . Transesophageal echocardiography has an advantage over transthoracic echocardiography in the study of the posterior by the top of the heart . Some structures , such as abalone PL , the descending portion of the aorta , the pulmonary vein , fully can be investigated only with using chre spischevodnoy echocardiography .
disadvantages
Transesophageal EhoKG- partially invasive Meto dika , delivering discomfort to the patient ; she is requires a longer time , and also carries a small risk of serious GOVERNMENTAL complications , such as injury esophagus , arrhythmia and laryngism . The technique requires short-term sedation , ECG monitoring , access to oxygen atconnections with opportunity occurrence hypoxia , Arita mission and angina pectoris . AT in rare cases , respiratory failure may occur and allergic reactions . Holdingtransesophageal echocardiography contraindicated with dysphagia , varicose expansion of veins of the esophagus , the instability of the cervical vertebrae and severe pulmonary pathology .
Positions transesophageal echocardiography significantly from differ from standard transthoracic ehokar diograficheskih positions . For image analysis of transesophageal echocardiography required detailed knowledge of spatial relationships different heart structures . Detailed description positions of transesophageal echocardiography is beyond the scope of this book , however at respectively stvuyuschih sections testimony to transesophageal echocardiography lit properly way .