HCM as a whole is characterized by:
1) severe LV myocardial hypertrophy,
2) a decrease in its cavity,
3) a violation of LV diastolic function.
Depending on the variant of hypertrophy, the following types of hcmp are distinguished: a) asymmetrical, b) symmetrical, c) apical. The asymmetrical type, in turn, may be accompanied by predominant hypertrophy of the upper, middle and lower third of the ICF, the thickness of which may be 1.5–3 times greater than the thickness of the LV LV wall. Clinically more severe, and the prognostic hazard is obstructive hypertrophic cardiovascular disease and obstruction of the output division of the LV (“subaortic subvalvular stenosis”). Echocardiography signs of this form of hcmp are: 1. Asymmetric thickening of MZhP and restriction of its mobility. 2. Perednesystolic movement of the valves MK. 3. AK cover during systole. 4. Hyperkinesis MZHP. 5. High pressure gradient in the outgoing LV. 6Mitral regurgitation and increase in LP.
Dilatsionny KMP (DCMP)
The most characteristic signs of DCM are: 1) significant dilatation of the LV (more than 40-50% of the standard values) with normal or reduced thickness of its walls, 2) a sharp violation of the systolic and diastolic functions of the LV (EF below 30-20%), 3) total LV hypokinesis, 4) a significant decrease in flow rates in the outgoing LV tract and pulmonary artery, 5) expansion of other heart chambers (LV, RV). When DCM in the cavities of the heart are often diagnosed near-wall thrombi.
Restrictive ILC (RCMP)
The concept of RCMP unites two diseases: endocardial fibrosis and eosinophilic fibroplastic endocarditis of Laeffer. Secondary RCMP can occur in diseases such as cardiac amyloidosis, hemochromatosis, and sarcoidosis. EchoCG in these diseases is characterized by: 1) symmetric hypertrophy of the LV wall, 2) reduced or normal LV cavity, 3) dilatation of the atria, 4) presence of granular induration in the myocardium, 5) increased echo signal from the LV endocardium, 6) signs of diastolic and systolic dysfunction LV, 7) the presence of a small pericardial effusion (not always).