Blood supply of the heart. The power of the heart.
Arteries of the heart – aa. coronariae dextra et sinistra, coronary arteries, right and left, start from bulbus aortae below the upper edges of the semilunar valves. Therefore, during systole, the entrance to the coronary arteries is covered with valves, and the arteries themselves are compressed by the contracted muscle of the heart. As a consequence, during systole, the blood supply to the heart decreases: blood enters the coronary arteries during diastole, when the inlets of these arteries, located in the aortic mouth, are not closed by the semilunar valves.
The right coronary artery emerges from the aorta, respectively, the right semilunar valve and lies between the aorta and the ear of the right atrium, outwards from which it bends around the right edge of the heart along the coronary sulcus and passes to its posterior surface. Here it continues into the interventricular branch, r. interventricularis posterior. The latter descends along the posterior interventricular groove to the apex of the heart, where it anastomoses with the branch of the left coronary artery.
The branches of the right coronary artery vascularize: the right atrium, part of the anterior wall and the entire posterior wall of the right ventricle, a small portion of the posterior wall of the left ventricle, interatrial septum, posterior third of the interventricular septum, papillary muscles of the right ventricle and posterior papillary muscle of the left ventricle. ,
The left coronary artery, coming out of the aorta at the left lunate flap, also lies in the coronary groove anterior to the left atrium. Between the pulmonary trunk and the left ear, it gives two branches: a thinner anterior, interventricular, ramus interventricularis anterior, and a larger left, envelope, ramus circumflexus.